Krayenhoff, E.S., Moustaoui, M., Broadbent, A.M. et al. Diurnal interaction between urban expansion, climate change and adaptation in US cities. Nature Clim Change 8, 1097–1103 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0320-9 The paper mainly showed the impact of the implementation of cool roofs, evaporative roofs, street trees or low thermal admittance materials, or full adaptation to climate change, urban expansion or densification. The individual urban adaptation strategies provide a fraction of the cooling required to offset urban warming based on projections of climate change or nocturnal urban expansion. However, urban warming and adaptation cooling are strongly controlled by meteorology, including wind, cloud and precipitation, and hence vary regionally, seasonally and annually. Urban planner should consider the wind way when expanding urban area rather than using water and tree for cooling. Full adaptation strategy and releasing the densified area need to overcome several limitations, including persuading residents, estimating economic values and so on. Cool roofs seems realistic adaptation strategy in urbandensified area.

Lian, X., Piao, S., Li, L.Z.X., Li, Y., Huntingford, C., Ciais, P., Cescatti, A., Janssens, I.A., Peñuelas, J., Buermann, W., Chen, A., Li, X., Myneni, R.B., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Yang, Y., Zeng, Z., Zhang, Y., & McVicar, T.R. (2020). Summer soil drying exacerbated by earlier spring greening of northern vegetation. Science Advances, 6, eaax0255 - We should understand water flow from the root to the atmosphere using the evapotranspiration and water potential. - In the climate change era, early vegetation green-up exacerbate soil drying. In my opinion, green infrastructures in urban require smart management in watering. So smartly design to use or save rainfall and used-water.

Shi, Z., Lin, Y., & Li, H. (2020). Extraction of urban power lines and potential hazard analysis from mobile laser scanning point clouds. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 41, 3411-3428 This application of the Lidar system in urban areas should be considered in the digital twin project. We may simply ignore the power line before natural disasters disrupting its structure.

Zhou, X., Zhao, F., Guo, Y., Rosenberger, B., & Yu, G. (2019). Architecting highly hydratable polymer networks to tune the water state for solar water purification. Science Advances, 5, eaaw5484 When we need innovation in energy efficiency, new material may be an option. We often want extreme changes in innovation. However, one step in the material could be a giant leap for energy efficiency.

Zhongyuan Wang, Kui Jiang, Peng Yi, Zhen Han, Zheng He, Ultra-dense GAN for satellite imagery super-resolution, Neurocomputing, Volume 398, 2020, Pages 328-337, ISSN 0925-2312, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2019.03.106. From the paper, I confirmed the performance of GAN for super-resolution with a limited dataset. I will apply GAN to my fusion method to generate MODIS-like geostationary satellite images.